Smallmouth Sands, located within Portland Harbour near Weymouth, is one of the UK’s most remarkable yet often overlooked fossil sites, exposing the Lower Jurassic Kimmeridge Clay. It is one of the most diverse assemblages of Kimmeridge Clay reptiles anywhere in the world. Fossils are typically tiny but abundant, with collectors finding vertebrate remains, fish, and shells scattered across the foreshore, especially after favourable tides and storms.Jurassic, Foreshore, Rating: ♦♦♦♦
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Walton-on-the-Naze combines early Eocene teeth, wood and rare vertebrate remains with the abundant marine shells of the much younger Red Crag. Tides and erosion continually change the beach, making some visits far more productive than others. Search loose material with care, keep away from the unstable cliffs and plan around the restricted tidal access. Pliocene, Eocene, Cliffs and Foreshore, Rating: ♦♦♦♦♦
Wrabness offers early Eocene fossils along the tidal shore of the River Stour. Teeth, fossil wood and small fruits or seeds can occur among weathered beach material, while the cliffs reveal volcanic ash layers in the Harwich Formation beneath the lowest London Clay. Beach cover changes with the tides, and soft mud and unstable cliffs require care. Pliocene, Eocene, Cliffs and Foreshore, Rating: ♦♦♦
At East Lane, Bawdsey, coastal erosion exposes Eocene marine clay beneath shell-rich Red Crag. Loose beach material can include mineralised wood, shells and occasional teeth, together with older fossils reworked into the Crag. Changing beach levels and damaged access routes make conditions important to every visit. Eocene, Pliocene, Cliffs and Foreshore, Rating: ♦♦♦♦
Below Easton Wood, south of Covehithe, intermittent exposures of Norwich Crag have yielded shells and important Early Pleistocene mammal remains. The fossil beds may stay hidden beneath beach sand for long periods, but the coast offers a rewarding geological walk when tides and access are favourable. Pliocene, Cliffs and Foreshore, Rating: ♦♦
At Covehithe, rapidly eroding cliffs reveal Early Pleistocene marine sands and clays, with cold-water shells in beds that appear as beach cover changes. Older fossils also occur in loose flint pebbles. The ruined church provides a memorable starting point, but safe access follows current public paths rather than the severed coastal road. Erratics (Cretaceous), Pliocene, Cliffs and Foreshore, Rating: ♦♦
Crag Farm Pit at Sudbourne is the type locality of the Sudbourne Member of the Coralline Crag. Cross-bedded shelly sand and bryozoans preserve evidence of Pliocene tidal sandwaves. The pit is on private land: arrange permission and confirm the available exposure before travelling, with no assumption of public entry or digging rights. Pliocene, Disused Pit, Rating: ♦♦♦
Neutral Farm Pit near Butley exposes shelly Red Crag that records changing conditions in an early Pleistocene sea. Cross-bedded sands pass upwards into finer burrowed layers, with a small transported freshwater and land-shell component. This private geological site requires prior permission for entry and any collecting. Pliocene, Disused Pit, Rating: ♦♦♦
Alderton’s Buckanay Farm Pit preserves shell-rich Red Crag with striking cross-bedding formed by ancient tidal sandwaves. Its marine shells and sedimentary structures make it scientifically important. This is a private inland pit: arrange permission and the practical details of a visit before travelling. Pliocene, Disused Pit, Rating: ♦♦♦♦♦
